Physical Wellness For anyone who has to write a g Essay Example For Students

Physical Wellness: For any individual who needs to compose a g Essay ym research paper on close to home wellness Physical wellness can most appropriately be characterized as the bodys capacity to finish day by day exercises without getting excessively sore, without getting excessively exhausted, and without escaping breath. The idea of physical wellness includes three unmistakable elements, which are: cardiovascular wellness, solid quality, and sustenance. It is basic for one to allocate a sufficient measure of time to every one of these components, just as following a program uniquely fit to their requirements. A significant segment of physical health is cardiovascular wellness. Cardiovascular wellness is the capacity of the circulatory framework to give oxygen-rich blood to vitality to the bodys organs. A people beat is the pounding of corridors delivered by the constrictions of the heart. One may understand their heartbeat at either the wrist or the neck. A people resting pulse is their pulse very still. To ascertain this, one may basically tally the thumps of the heart every moment. A people greatest pulse is the most extreme number of times their heart can pulsate in one moment. To figure this, one may basically take away their age from 220. The objective pulse is the occasions ones heart should thump for every moment when working out. This is somewhere in the range of 60-and 90-percent of ones most extreme pulse. To increment cardiovascular wellness, one ought to build up a program that follows the standards of FIT preparing. For recurrence, one ought to do an activity somewhere in the range of 3 and 5 times each week. For force, one should base how hard the person practices on the objective pulse. For time, one should begin gradually, yet progressively increment to around 45 to an hour of the day. Prior to taking part in this sort of program, one should extend and relax up their muscles, and the person ought to permit the muscles to chill off after an activity, for the most part by strolling until the individual in question is close to the resting pulse. A case of a decent cardiovascular work out schedule that I would follow is: Day 1 at track: Warm-up (5 minutes) Slow run (20 minutes) Walk (5 minutes) Slow run (20 minutes) Chill off (5 minutes) Absolute time went through: 55 minutes Day 2 at pool: Warm-up (5 minutes) Slow swim (15 minutes) Rest (5 minutes) Extraordinary swim (15 minutes) Chill off (10 minutes) Absolute time went through: 50 minutes Day 3 at track: Warm-up (5 minutes) 2-lap warm-up run (5 minutes) Walk (5 minutes) 2 mile run (Start at 14 minutes, would look to decrease time on each event) Chill off (10 minutes) Complete time went through: 40 minutes Another significant part of physical wellbeing is strong quality. Strong quality is the capacity of your body to lift a specific measure of weight at a given time. When chipping away at strong quality, one should comprehend what sets and reiterations are. A set is various reiterations for which one plays out a specific exercise. A redundancy is the demonstration of lifting and bringing down a weight once. A greatest lift is the most measure of weight one can lift for one reiteration. When starting a weight preparing program, one ought to consistently begin gradually, to get the body used to performing arduous activities. In addition, a spotter ought to consistently be utilized when performing works out. Ultimately, before lifting, one should extend the muscles the individual is going to work. A case of a quality preparing program that I would follow is: Chest area Workout: Chest Bench Press 4 sets: 1 warm-up set of low weight, 3 arrangements of 6-8 reps at high weight Back Lat Pulldowns 4 sets: 1 warm-up set of low weight, 3 arrangements of 6-8 reps at high weight .ud83da4b0707427266187c02fc1070dac , .ud83da4b0707427266187c02fc1070dac .postImageUrl , .ud83da4b0707427266187c02fc1070dac .focused content territory { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .ud83da4b0707427266187c02fc1070dac , .ud83da4b0707427266187c02fc1070dac:hover , .ud83da4b0707427266187c02fc1070dac:visited , .ud83da4b0707427266187c02fc1070dac:active { border:0!important; } .ud83da4b0707427266187c02fc1070dac .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .ud83da4b0707427266187c02fc1070dac { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; darkness: 1; change: obscurity 250ms; webkit-progress: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .ud83da4b0707427266187c02fc1070dac:active , .ud83da4b0707427266187c02fc1070dac:hover { haziness: 1; change: murkiness 250ms; webkit-change: darkness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .ud83da4b0707427266187c02fc1070dac .focused content zone { width: 100%; position: relative; } .ud83da4b0707427266187c02fc1070dac .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content beautification: underline; } .ud83da4b0707427266187c02fc1070dac .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .ud83da4b0707427266187c02fc1070dac .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; outskirt span: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: striking; line-tallness: 26px; moz-outskirt sweep: 3px; content adjust: focus; content enhancement: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: outright; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud83da4b0707427266187c02fc1070dac:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .ud83da4b07074 27266187c02fc1070dac .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .ud83da4b0707427266187c02fc1070dac-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .ud83da4b0707427266187c02fc1070dac:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Maxis - Marketing Plan EssayLower Body Workout: Quads Leg Extension 4 sets: 1 warm-up set of low weight, 3 arrangements of 6-8 reps at high weight Calves Calf Raise 4 sets: 1 warm-up set of low weight, 3 arrangements of 6-8 reps at high weight A last significant segment of physical wellbeing is sustenance. A straightforward method of eating appropriately is to follow the food pyramid. The six zones of the pyramid are: grains, vegetables, natural products, fats and oils, milk and dairy items, and meat/beans/fish/nuts. For somebody following the schedules referenced above, he ought to have 10 ounces of grains, 3.5 cups of vegetables, 2.5 cups of organic products, 3 cups of milk, 7 ounces of meats and beans, .

Mutagen Free Essays

Measurement of a Mutagen: Tobacco By Selenia Lopez November 30, 2012 Section 44 Abstract: Tobacco is normally utilized and kills millions until this day. Tobacco is a potential mutagen because of the considerable number of synthetic substances included. The spot overlay Ames test was led to test at what convergence of tobacco was it at the most mutagenic. We will compose a custom paper test on Mutagen or on the other hand any comparative theme just for you Request Now The speculation of this investigation was as the grouping of tobacco expands, the development of microscopic organisms increments. The control for this examination had an UV positive and an UV negative. Four distinctive tobacco fixations, Salmonella Typhimurium of strain 1538 were hatched for 24-72 hours to watch bacterial development. At a 100% bacterial development was at its most noteworthy number of colonization and at 5% the mutagen was at any rate. These outcomes mirrored that tobacco can develop without histidine making it a mutagen and at which focus was it the most mutagenic. Introduction: A mutagen is a substance which builds the recurrence of transformation in a plant or creature populace, which can prompt an assortment of results or modifications in the DNA structure (Ligorio, Izzotti, Pulliero, Arrigo 2011). Salmonella being a mutagen can cause transformations, for example, replacement, addition, cancellation and edge move contingent upon the strain. S. typhimurium conveys a damaged quality creation it incapable to integrate histidine from its way of life medium. A few sorts of transformations can be switched with the quality recovering its capacity. Tobacco having loads of synthetic concoctions with plausibility of being mutagenic is known to slaughter an expected 6,000,000 individuals worldwide every year and channels $500 billion every year. It very well may be devoured as a pesticide and as nicotine tartrate. It is now and then utilized in certain meds, however most usually utilized as a medication. The utilization of Ames test depends on the presumption that any substance that is mutagenic. For this eason the FDA utilizes the Ames test to screen numerous synthetic substances to measures the mutagenic quality in bacterial cells (FDA 2012). In this examination to test whether tobacco is mutagenic and if so at what fixation has the best bacterial development. The spot overlay Ames test was directed. In spite of the fact that it ’s a modest rendition of the Ames test, the outcome were as yet good. The speculation of this investigation was as the grouping of tobacco expands, the development increments. The best development ought to happen in the 100% focus and the least in the 5% fixation. Strategies and materials: The control for the trial was an Agar plate that had an UV positive reactant with a known mutagen, and UV negative reactant that hasn’t been reactant with anything. With a small scale pipette that added up to 250ul, strain TA 1538 of Salmonella was Obtained and put on to the Agar plate and spread with a sanitized bar. The four paper circles that have been absorbed the 5%, 25%, half, and 100% of tobacco focus were put divided separated on the plate. The plate was fixed and place it in the hatchery at 37 degree for 24-72 hours. Results: Table 1: The table shows the convergence of mutagens to the quantity of provinces watched. Focuses | Colonies | 100% | 39 | half | 13 | 25% | 8 | 5% | 2 | The control brought about the UV positive having development and the UV negative having none by any stretch of the imagination. At a 100% bacterial development was at its most prominent number of colonization at 39. At 5% the mutagen was at any rate with just 2 provinces. Conversation: The mutagenic impact of the concoction has made numerous microscopic organisms recapture the capacity to develop without histidine in tobacco, causing the arrangement of the states seen around the plate (Pounikar and Dawande 2010). Not exclusively is a tobacco a mutagen, however settlement development expanded as the focus expanded. The speculation was bolstered by the information appear in the table. Despite the fact that the plate were marginally moved. The numbers were as yet feasible. The 100% focus had the most noteworthy bacterial colonization and the 5% fixation had the least as anticipated. In future analyses, more preliminaries should be possible. So as to ensure the outcomes will continue as before without fail; or utilizing different mutagens to perceive how they respond in the 100% focus. This sort of test can likewise be helpful in seeing if smoking tobacco or biting tobacco is increasingly mutagenic or if the various brands have any kind of effect on how mutagenic they can be. Works Cited Asiatic Journal of Biotechnology Resources: Pounikar, R and Dawande, A. Y. (2010). Location of potential cancer-causing agents by Ames test. Doi: 01: 57-64. Division of Health Sciences: Ligorion M, Izzotti A, Pulliero An, and Arrigo P. (2011) Mutagens meddle with microRNA development by repressing DICER. An in silico science investigation. Doi: 10. 1016 www. FDA. gov: Li Y, Yan J, Bishop M, Jones MY, Watanabe F, Biris AS, Rice P, Zhou T, Chen T. (2011) Genotoxicity assessment of titanium dioxide nanoparticles utilizing the Ames test and Comet test. Step by step instructions to refer to Mutagen, Essay models Mutagen Free Essays Measurement of a Mutagen: Tobacco By Selenia Lopez November 30, 2012 Section 44 Abstract: Tobacco is generally utilized and kills millions until this day. Tobacco is a potential mutagen because of the considerable number of synthetic concoctions included. The spot overlay Ames test was directed to test at what grouping of tobacco was it at the most mutagenic. We will compose a custom paper test on Mutagen or on the other hand any comparable subject just for you Request Now The theory of this investigation was as the grouping of tobacco builds, the development of microorganisms increments. The control for this trial had an UV positive and an UV negative. Four diverse tobacco focuses, Salmonella Typhimurium of strain 1538 were hatched for 24-72 hours to watch bacterial development. At a 100% bacterial development was at its most prominent number of colonization and at 5% the mutagen was at any rate. These outcomes mirrored that tobacco can develop without histidine making it a mutagen and at which fixation was it the most mutagenic. Introduction: A mutagen is a substance which builds the recurrence of transformation in a plant or creature populace, which can prompt an assortment of outcomes or modifications in the DNA structure (Ligorio, Izzotti, Pulliero, Arrigo 2011). Salmonella being a mutagen can cause transformations, for example, replacement, inclusion, erasure and casing shift contingent upon the strain. S. typhimurium conveys a deficient quality creation it incapable to blend histidine from its way of life medium. A few sorts of changes can be turned around with the quality recovering its capacity. Tobacco having heaps of synthetic substances with plausibility of being mutagenic is known to slaughter an expected 6,000,000 individuals worldwide every year and channels $500 billion every year. It very well may be expended as a pesticide and as nicotine tartrate. It is some of the time utilized in certain meds, however most ordinarily utilized as a medication. The utilization of Ames test depends on the presumption that any substance that is mutagenic. For this eason the FDA utilizes the Ames test to screen numerous synthetic concoctions to measures the mutagenic quality in bacterial cells (FDA 2012). In this examination to test whether tobacco is mutagenic and if so at what fixation has the best bacterial development. The spot overlay Ames test was directed. Despite the fact that itâ €™s a modest adaptation of the Ames test, the outcome were as yet perfect. The speculation of this examination was as the convergence of tobacco expands, the development increments. The best development ought to happen in the 100% fixation and the least in the 5% focus. Strategies and materials: The control for the investigation was an Agar plate that had an UV positive reactant with a known mutagen, and UV negative reactant that hasn’t been reactant with anything. With a small scale pipette that added up to 250ul, strain TA 1538 of Salmonella was Obtained and set on to the Agar plate and spread with a cleaned pole. The four paper circles that have been absorbed the 5%, 25%, half, and 100% of tobacco focus were put divided separated on the plate. The plate was fixed and place it in the hatchery at 37 degree for 24-72 hours. Results: Table 1: The table shows the convergence of mutagens to the quantity of settlements watched. Fixations | Colonies | 100% | 39 | half | 13 | 25% | 8 | 5% | 2 | The control brought about the UV positive having development and the UV negative having none by any stretch of the imagination. At a 100% bacterial development was at its most noteworthy number of colonization at 39. At 5% the mutagen was at any rate with just 2 settlements. Conversation: The mutagenic impact of the synthetic has made numerous microscopic organisms recapture the capacity to develop without histidine in tobacco, causing the arrangement of the settlements seen around the plate (Pounikar and Dawande 2010). Not exclusively is a tobacco a mutagen, however settlement development expanded as the focus expanded. The speculation was bolstered by the information appear in the table. Despite the fact that the plate were marginally moved. The numbers were as yet feasible. The 100% focus had the most elevated bacterial colonization and the 5% fixation had the least as anticipated. In future tests, more preliminaries should be possible. So as to ensure the outcomes will continue as before unfailingly; or utilizing different mutagens to perceive how they respond in the 100% fixation. This kind of examination can likewise be helpful in seeing if smoking tobacco or biting tobacco is increasingly mutagenic or if the various brands have any kind of effect on how mutagenic they can be. Works Cited Asiatic Journal of Biotechnology Resources: Pounikar, R and Dawande, A. Y. (2010). Discovery of potential cancer-causing agents by Ames test. Doi: 01: 57-64. Division of Health Sciences: Ligorion M, Izzotti A, Pulliero An, and Arrigo P. (2011) Mutagens meddle with microRNA development by repressing DICER. An in silico science investigation. Doi: 10. 1016 www. FDA. gov: Li Y, Yan J, Bishop M, Jones MY, Watanab

Words Phrases I Remember Learning Specifically From Books

Words Phrases I Remember Learning Specifically From Books The Publishers Weekly blog ran a piece by Gabe Habash entitled  Every World I Learned From Infinite Jest.  If youre familiar with David Foster Wallaces mammoth tome, the length of the list and the obscurity of many of the words probably wont surprise you. I had a similar experience with  Jest,  but for some reason chtonicrelating to the underworld is the one that always comes back to me. But the article got me thinking. One of the greatest tools for a writer is an expansiveassuming you can use it for anything besides showing off and being obnoxiousvocabulary. And however expansive my vocabulary is or is not, I owe it to the amount of books Ive read. I made a list of a few words I specifically remember learning from books. All definitions from dictionary.com. Sinew: A piece of tough, fibrous tissue uniting muscle to bone, or bone to bone Learned from:  Island of the Blue Dolphins  by Scott ODell Young Karana is marooned on an island. She proceeded to have many adventures and close calls, and she also proceeded to use sinews to bind and fix just about everything. Sinew was the duct tape of the island. Ive never forgotten it. Inscrutable:   Impossible to understand or interpret Learned from:  Titus Groan  by Mervyn Peake From the first of the  Gormenghast  books.  Gormenghast  exposed me to approximately one billion things Id never felt or considered before. Theres truly nothing like it. It is, if I had to choose a word, inscrutable. If youre unfamiliar with the series, I wont try to describe the plot to you, but these books create a mood that Ive never even come close to feeling in anything else. If you can steer me to anything you think Id like based on this statement, Id be grateful. Chrism:   A mixture of oil and balsam, consecrated and used for anointing at baptism and in other rites of Catholic, Orthodox, or Anglican churches Learned from:  The Oxford Writers Thesaurus I have a favorite Thesaurus. It includes lots of lovely mini-essays on words the editors (including David Foster Wallace and Zadie Smith) were enamored of. Chrism was one of those. Its a pretty word. Say it out loud. Harder to find a use for it in chitchat, but I like how it sounds. Steatopygia:   An extreme accumulation of fat on the buttocks Learned from:  The Superior Persons Book Of Words by Peter Bowler What superior person wouldnt need a word like this in his obfuscated-insult holster? I honestly dont think I knew more than ten of the words in this book. Lots of words about sex:   Take your pick Learned from:  Many, many Dean Koontz books. I liked the gore and monsters in Koontz novels. My junior high phase was pretty much just a rotation of Terry Brooks, Piers Anthony, Stephen King, and Koontz. But Koontz was the one who drove my teenage self wild with his ridiculous love scenes. I had no idea that phrases like hidden nubble werent sexy yet. But wow, back then, it was good for what ailed me.  Twilight Eyes  and  Koontz  were the real standouts. How about you? Any words that have stuck with you, whose origin in your memory is not shrouded in mystery? _________________________ Sign up for our newsletter to have the best of Book Riot delivered straight to your inbox every week. No spam. We promise. To keep up with Book Riot on a daily basis, follow us on Twitter, like us on Facebook, , and subscribe to the Book Riot podcast in iTunes or via RSS. So much bookish goodnessall day, every day.

Analysis Of The Novel Light Of August By William Faulkner

Spring Author Report: Joe Christmas William Faulkner s novel, Light in August, is set in his fictional town of Yoknapatawpha County, depicting the rural South in the early 1900’s. It is a novel about humanity where Faulkner uses his characters to establish the necessity for human connection. Joe Christmas, the main character, experiences a tragic journey toward self-identity. Faulkner uses the character of Joe Christmas to expose how conflict with society and oneself unchains a darkness. Joe Christmas is alienated from a young age after being dumped at an orphanage, where his unknown racial identity begins an inner turmoil. Joe is left in an orphanage with no sense of identity, and ignorant of his mixed ancestry. While in the†¦show more content†¦After leaving the orphanage, Christmas is thrown into a disturbed family that is void of connection and love. The family environment he is exposed to is one of fear and cruelty. He gains no acceptance on account of religious values. When Joe sins by lying to his father about what he did with the money he gained from selling a cow â€Å"[Mr. McEachern strikes] Joe with his fist† (Faulkner 164). Mr. McEachern beats Joe for sinning - lying - and uses religion as a justification of abuse, thus creating Christmas’s warped view of religion. This complex relationship with religion places Joe in conflict with the societal norm. In his critical essay on Light in August, B. R. McElderry Jr.t analyzes the role of religion in the novel, highlighting how it leads to the brutalities in the novel. Christmas is exposed to â€Å"a religion of dynamic hatred, intolerance, and frustration† (Gale McElderry). Mr. McEachern provides Joe Christmas with a religious outlook that is the antithesis of religion. This fuels Joe’s conflict with society by placing him in further isolation from the town. Christmas forges his first connection with a young prostitute named Bobbie Allen, where his first instance of violence is seen. He begins having sexual relations with her, and soon tells her that he â€Å"thinks [he has] some nigger blood in [him]† (Faulkner 196). She is the only person Christmas has a remotely personalShow MoreRelatedEssay on Modernism and New Criticism2997 Words   |  12 Pagesthrown out all their old traditions. It was now time to concentrate on the present. New Criticism directly reflects this new way of thinking by finding the meaning of literary texts based on the texts themselves. You look at what is- the poem, the novel- and find what it means. In Lois Tyson’s book, Critical Theory Today, he constructs one question to define New Criticism: â€Å"What single interpretation of the text best establishes its organic unity?† (134). The organic unity refers to theRead MoreEssay on A Study of Joe Christmas in Faulkners Light in August2560 Words   |  11 PagesChristmas in Light in August      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Joe Christmass eating disorder and antipathy to womens sexuality (or to the feminine) in Light in August also can be traced back to the primal scene in the dietitians room.   However, the primal scene is not the final piece of the puzzle in the novel.   The primal scene is already given as a working condition for a further analysis of Joes psychology.   Readers are first invited to interrelate the scene and Joes behavior in the rest of the novel.1   Yet drawingRead Moreshakespeare influences16068 Words   |  65 Pagesï » ¿ RESEARCH TOPIC An Analytic Review Of Shakespearean Influence On Faulkner s Tragedy RESEARCH QUESTION How Shakespeare tragic patterns influenced on William Faulkner s writings? NAME: SYEDA AMBREEN FATIMA FATHER’S NAME: SYED HASAN AKHTER SEAT NO: 1315793 ENROLMENT NO: 2013/ENG/M.A(LIT)/15681 DATE OF SUBMISSION: 28TH NOV 2013 SUBMITTED TO: MISS SAMREENRead More The Meaning of Heart of Darkness in the Post-Colonial Climate3726 Words   |  15 PagesThe Meaning of Heart of Darkness in the Post-Colonial Climate Since its publication in 1899, Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness has rarely been disputed on the basis of its literary merits; in fact, it was long seen as one of the great novels of the burgeoning modern era, a sort of bridge between the values and storytelling styles of the waning Victorian period and those of the modern era (Gatten), and regarded a high-ranking space amidst the great literature of the century, if not theRead MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pagesmain issues inï ¬â€šuencing the competitive position of a number of organisations in the same industry with a relatively short case. For a case that permits a more comprehensive industry analysis The Pharmaceutical Industry could be used. However, if the purpose is more focused – illustrating the use of ‘ï ¬ ve forces’ analysis – the TUI case study or Illustration 2.3 on The Steel Industry could be used. Some cases are written entirely from published sources but most have been prepared in cooperation withRead MoreStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words   |  1351 PagesStrategic and marketing analysis 2 Marketing auditing and the analysis of capability 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 Learning objectives Introduction Reviewing marketing effectiveness The role of SWOT analysis Competitive advantage and the value chain Conducting effective audits Summary 3 Segmental, productivity and ratio analysis 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.10 3.11 3.12 Learning objectives Introduction The clarification of cost categories Marketing cost analysis: aims and methods An illustration

Community Family Studies- Task 3 - 1120 Words

Community and Family Studies- Task 3 In a hypothetical sense: Stephan, 35 male, married a young women who was died of cancer 1 year after bearing their second child. Stephan is now a single primary carer of these two children a girl aged 11 and a boy aged 9. He works full time at a high school to pay for one child’s schooling and the other child’s carer at home as well as medical needs e.g wheelchair. The youngest child has a severe type of autism which prevents him from attending school therefore needing a part-time carer at home. Different kinds of symptoms this child experiences may affect the child’s home life such as: Delay in learning how to speak or doesn’t talk at all, difficulty communicating needs or desires may affect the†¦show more content†¦With such a small living space for 3 people, this puts strain on the family’s relationships along with most of attention on the disabled child, the older child does not get much love or attention which may lead to feelings of neglect. The emotional wel lbeing of this child is at risk as she is growing into teenage years and not having the emotional and physical care of the mother, and the father not being there emotionally. The strain on the family will only grow therefore creating an unhealthy family environment. Not only is there emotional conflict within the child but with Stephan as he has to battle the loss of his loved one and care for two children as wells as pay for the children’s needs with the limited income from the full-time career as a high school teacher, where he has to put his attention on his students. Stephan does not have time for personal activities which may result in lack of physical and emotional health. Human services - parenting payment for single father This support network meets the needs of this parent/carer as it helps the financial situation of this single father with two children. This extra payment may contribute towards Stephan and the eldest child’s need’s of food, clothing and leisure activities. This support network benefits the carer as it provides extra money to help pay for specific needs and wants such as food, clothing etc. as well

Los Zetas Free Essays

RUNNING HEAD: Los Zetas Nolita Oliveira Wayland Baptist University Dr. Paul Lankford Borderland Beat Reporter Overmex (2010, August 26), reported 72 illegal immigrants from El Salvador, Honduras, Ecuador and Brazil, were found dead on a ranch in San Fernando, Tamaulipas, which is 150 km from the U. S. We will write a custom essay sample on Los Zetas or any similar topic only for you Order Now border city of Brownsville. This discovery came from one survivor who found his way to the Navy troops and reported members of the Los Zeta cartel at the nearby ranch. According to the Borderland Beat; 21 rifles, six 5. mm M4 carbines, three 7. 60 mm AK-47, seven 12 gauge shotguns, five . 22 caliber rifles, 101 magazines, two ammunition belts, six thousand 649 cartridges of various calibers, four bullet proof vests, one helmet, four trucks, one with the Ministry of National Defense (SEDENA), were also found at the ranch. With such a rich supply of ammunition and a massacre of men and women with their hands and feet tied, the question remains, how have the Los Zetas become so powerful? Los Zeta’s was originally founded by a group of highly trained Mexican Army Special Forces deserters and has expanded to include corrupted former federal, state, and local police officers hired by Mexico’s Gulf Cartel (Los Zetas, 2010, November 22). The group originally consisted of 31 members with the first leader, Lieutenant Arturo Guzman Decena using his Federal Judicial Police radio code to become identified as Z1. This code was given to high-ranking officers for the Commanding Federal Judicial Police Officers in Mexico. Zeta is also named for the letter in Spanish. Decena was born in 1976 and trained with an elite Mexican military group called Grupo Aeromovil de Fuerzas Especiales (GAFE) which were trained in counter- insurgency and locating and apprehending drug cartel members, with Decena came 30 other GAFE deserters. Decena was killed in 2002 and his second-in-command Z2 was captured in 2004 (Decena, 2010, November 27). The current leader is Z3 Heriberto Lazcano. Los Zeta’s was originally hired to track down and kill rival cartel members and provide protection for the Gulf Cartel. Their power has grown and their savagery has had no boundaries. In 2003 Los Zetas negotiated a pact with the Gulf Cartel and the Beltran –Leyva Cartel to engage their own drug shipments (Los Zetas, 2010, November 22). Seven years later after the pact, Los Zetas have violently turned against their former partner, the Gulf Cartel, and have formed alliances with the Juarez Cartel, Tijuana Cartel and the Beltran- Leyva Cartel. The other major faction alignment includes the Gulf Cartel, Sinaloa Cartel, and La Familia Cartel. In response to the Los Zeta’s savagery the Sinaloa Cartel hired another armed enforcer gang, Los Negros, to fight back. Los Negros have also turned their back and become independent are gaining more control of regions. As with other terrorist organizations, such as al Qaeda, there are roots to the source of the evil. According to Brookes (2005), it is important to understand the many reasons for the terrorist phenomenon includes radical religious ideology, poor governance, a lack of economic opportunity, social alienation, demographic pressure, and political isolation (page 11). Although Los Zeta’s. Los Negros, or other Mexican Cartels have not been listed as terrorist organizations by the U. S. Department of State their actions are in compliance with the different definitions of terrorism. Narcoterrorist would describe what these Mexican Cartels are. The statutory definition used by National Counterterrorism Center NCTC states that terrorism is premeditated, politically motivated violence directed against non-combatants (Benjamin, D. 2010,August 5). According to Narcoterrorism (2010, December 6), former Peru President coined the term narcoterrorism when describing terrorist-type attacks against nation’s anti-narcotics policy. The term was originally understood to mean â€Å"the attempts of narcotics traffickers to influence the policies of a government or a society through violence and intimidation and to hinder the enforcement of the law and the administration of justice by the systematic threat or use of such violence (Narcoterrorism). FARC, ELN, Hamas, Taliban, and AUC in Colombia, and PCP- SL in Peru are all known terrorist organizations that engage in drug trafficking activity to fund their operations and gain recruits and expertise. Describing the horrific killing and torturing tactics Los Zetas use against their countrymen, government, innocent men, women, and children could be best described as simply terrorist, the best term when describing them would be narcoterrorist. Their battle against their own and the United States is not deeply rooted to a religion or some other similar ideology known terrorist organization’s base their practice on. These cartels are simply money hungry, power tripping, double crossing, unfaithful to any cause, and will burn their own to reach their desired level. The War on Drugs is not a new concept simply invented overnight by someone to calm people down or put the fear into those pushing and selling. According to Head (2011), there is a history dating back to the early 1900’s when the Harrison Tax Act of 1914 was enforced to restrict the sale of heroin and cocaine. The Marihuana Tax Act of 1937 attempted to tax marijuana because it was an alleged â€Å"getaway drug† for heroin uses and was popular among Mexican- American immigrants. President Eisenhower was considered the first president to literally call for a war on drugs and he stressed his determination by establishing mandatory minimum federal sentences for possession of marijuana, cocaine, and opiates. The increase in federal penalties was under the Narcotic Control Act of 1956. Today the war on drugs has made it difficult to determine what is legal and illegal. Depending on the drug and the wording of drug policy legislation, narcotics are illegal except when prescribed to a certain individual. In 1996 California legalized marijuana for medical use and both the Bush and Obama administration have arrested California medical marijuana distributors (Head). The current strategy for the War on Drugs as determined by President Obama’s drug policy coordinator, which is end War on Drugs terminology and attempt to rebrand federal antidrug efforts as simple harm- reduction strategies (Head). Head also quoted â€Å"you can’t declare war on inanimate objects, social phenomena, moods, or abstractions— and it’s a rhetorical convention that has determined the way our country views drug policy enforcement (Head). If you can’t declare war on these inanimate objects, social phenomena, moods or abstractions, and you can’t declare war on a country without resources to fight a war, than how do you rid the world of narcoterrorist? It’s simply not possible. Mexico has been the main foreign supplier of marijuana and methamphetamines to the U. S. Dr ug cartels have been illegally transporting an estimated 70 % of foreign narcotics such as cocaine, heroin, and other drugs into the United States and other countries but were not transporting in such violent methods as used today (Mexico Drug War, 2011, January 3). Mexican Drug War also states that Mexico only accounts for a small share of worldwide heroin production but is the major distributor of heroin introduced into the United States. The U. S. Department estimates 90% of the cocaine is mainly produced by Colombia but entered into the U. S. through Mexico. Mexico and the U. S. borders have been used since the mid- 1980’s when Mexico had established organizations competent and reliable to transport Colombian cocaine. Mexican cartels were given 30 % to 50 % of the cocaine shipment which led the cartels to become traffickers and distributors. Although the first few decades after the development of the cartels was passive, since 2006 the Mexican Cartels have turned deadly battling for territory rights and turning on each other. According to Timeline of the Mexican Drug War (2010, December 18), the deployment of Mexican Army soldiers into Michoacan to end drug violence was regarded as the first major retaliation made against cartel violence in Mexico and was regarded as the starting point of the Mexican Drug War between the government and drug cartels. The war escalated with each increase in military troops making Los Zeta’s violence against Mexicans harsher and frequent. It was reported 150 Mexican soldiers and police officers were killed as opposed to the 500 cartel gunmen killed in 2006. Violence surged and by 2008 there was a record of 5, 630 death. The kidnapping, torture, and decapitation of seven off duty soldiers and one police commander were included in this death toll. In 2008 high ranking police officials and government officials were gunned down or executed. The decapitated heads of the off duty police officials were left in a shopping center to be found with a threatening note to the military. Their terrorism tactics have since left their marks to be remembered. With Los Zetas becoming more violent and demanding more plaza’s the need for outside and local forces free from corruption is highly in demand. Regardless of the attempts to weed out those with possible links to Los Zetas or any cartel will remain impossible to prevent the introduction of new and easily corrupted officials. This can be said for their recruitment of poor, military, law enforcement and government officials. According to Los Zetas, their main recruits are all corrupted ex- federal, state, and local police officers as well as the poor men and women and former Kaibiles from Guatemala. This group does recruit women to help run the organization. The Kaibilies are special operations force of the Guatemala military and specialize in jungle warfare tactics and counter- insurgency operations (Kaibilies, 2010 November 2). There is also hierarchy within the group, just like other organized crime organizations. According to Los Zetas there are five groups. The first group consisted of the Los Halcones (The Hawks) and they were responsible for monitoring the distribution zones. The second group is the Las Ventanas (The Windows) who are bike-riding mid- teens responsible for warning the presence of police and other suspicious individuals near small stores that sell drugs. The Los Manosos (The Tricky Ones) gathered the arms. Los Zetas employ prostitute women who are called Los Leopardos (Leapards). The Los Zetas also have the Direccion (Command) which consists of 20 communications experts who intercept phone calls, follow and identify suspicious automobiles and are also known to accomplish kidnappings and executions. All of these groups form the composition of Los Zetas (Los Zetas). Los Zetas can also be compared to al- Qaida, in that their myriads of extensive criminal activities. They kidnap, murder- for- hire, use extortion, money- launder, smuggle humans and are involved with oil siphoning. Like al Qaeda, they have adopted a cell- like structure to limit the information known about members within the organization. Los Zeta’s boldness and cells are spread globally and it has been reported that the FBI were warned that a Los Zetas cell in Texas would use full tactical response if they intervened on their operations. Los Zetas have been able to take over and lord over a great deal of territories by battling it out with their enemies. Los Zetas is mainly based in the border region of Nuevo Laredo and have established lookouts in airports, bus stations, and main roads. They are also along the Gulf Coast region, Tabasco, Yucatan, Quintana Roo, Chiaps, Pacific Coast states, including Guerror, Oaxaca, Michocan, and in Mexico City. Los Zetas hires Mexican gangs such as the Texas Syndicate and MS-13 to carry out their contract killings (Los Zetas). According to the NarcoGuerra Times the DEA officials in Canada, Italy, and Mexico had arrested 175 members of the Zetas who were connected with the Ndrangheta. Los Zeta’s has been operating in approximately 47 countries and have been said to have established connections with the Italian Calabrian mafia known as Ndrangheta (NarchGuerra Times, 2009, September 19). There is research showing the Zetas and Ndrangheta had been working together for more than two years, since Europe needed the cocaine. The main reason their connection is important is because Ndrangheta is considered a major transnational criminal organization dealing in nuclear waste. Their partnership has also allowed the Zetas to advance their money laundering, real estate and human trafficking into Europe (Narco Guerra Times). Forming alliances with foreign countries organized criminal divisions will only make it harder for the Mexican government fight their war against the cartels and for these countries to fight their wars on drugs. America has been battling with the war on drugs and so have other countries’ making it harder to clean up the streets is becoming more impossible with each cell developed in other locations. Mexico’s battle with corruption within all the levels of police departments and constant recruitments with gangs across the border and international waters has made it harder for Homeland Security to fight the battle. Mexico’s war against the cartels seem to only be escalating the issue and although many of the main cartel members throughout the different territories have been brought to justice, it seems their war on that side of the border is not accomplishing much but more bled shed on both sides of the border. As one of the strongest and dominant countries, America could provide the assistance needed. Many may debate this or feel America has their hand in too many countries affairs but the fact remains the brutality and narcoterrorist tactics used by Los Zetas and other cartels will continue to increase. This is not saying President Calderon has rejected American help or has been using other security tactics to help prosecute criminals associated with known narcoterrorist organizations. According to Hansen (2008, November 20), Mexico has pursued different methods for security tactics including extraditing alleged criminals to the United States, including the head of the Gulf Cartel. They have also been actively attempting to dismantle illegal methamphetamine labs, cocaine shipments, and eradicate marijuana. This shows promise but only twenty six meth labs were dismantled between 2002 and 2007. President Calderon developed a 2008 constitutional reform that merged their Federal Preventive Police (PFP) and the Federal Agency of Investigation (AFI). The AFI is similar to the FBI and gathers intelligence and the PFP is responsible for maintaining public order but does not have investigative abilities. President Calderon constitutional reforms of 2008 also called for reforms on criminal procedures. The reforms include oral trials with public proceedings, sentencing based on the evidence presented during trial, judges who are allowed to quickly rule on search warrant requests (Hansen). Their old ways used written trial procedures that could last for years. These efforts show some willingness to adopt new and effective methods using foreign help and using modern legal methods but it is still not enough. According to Hernandez (2010, February 25), the International Narcotics Control Board (INCB) based out of Vienna stated that Mexico, Brazil, and Argentina were sending out the wrong messages in their legislative and judicial developments that were aimed to decriminalize the possession of some drugs. With their declaration Mexico, Brazil, and Argentina rebutted and claimed that the INCB was overstepping their organizations mandated and were unwarranted intrusions in their countries sovereign decision-making and that the INCB has no jurisdiction over police changes made within sovereign nations. In 2009 Mexico decriminalized the possession of small amounts of marijuana, cocaine, heroin, and methamphetamine (Hernandez). Brazil replaced prison sentences with education and treatment for small-time drug offenders in 2006. In 2009 Argentina’s Supreme Court declared punishment for possession of marijuana for personal use as unconstitutional. Argentina also called INCB’s arrogant for questioning the highest judicial authority of a sovereign state. Hernandez also stated that the INCB was deeply concerned with the United States moving towards legalizing or regularizing the use of marijuana for medical purposes may send the wrong message to other countries. The INCB had a legitimate concern for these countries actions of making it easier for criminals to pursue selling and people using marijuana and other drugs. In the United States inmates are allowed to pursue an education or gain their GED to help them gain employment when released but this does not prevent repeated offenders. Taking tough actions and measures is the only way to decrease crime and drug usage. Mexico’s President taking two steps forward and then two steps back is only causing confusion for others to know what actions they need to take. The hard core facts that these Mexican narcoterrorist organizations were developed by corrupted ex military or law enforcement officials make it hard for the rest of the world to believe Mexico is competent to battle against the cartels or protect heir citizens from the unthinkable. With Mexico’s incompetence comes inpatient Americans’ willing and ready to battle for their land. When the Arizona rancher was found dead on his land it was automatically assumed illegal immigrants had killed him. Arizona government officials quickly used his death as an example to push forwa rd their Senate Bill 1070. Now other states have developed similar versions for their own state immigration laws. The growing concern has somewhat shifted from illegal immigration, to how to battle Los Zetas and other cartels. Arizona’s Bill may have opened people’s eyes to the growing problem of illegal immigrants advancing in the United States, but no one in their right mind could have ever imagined seeing those poor immigrants hog tied, gagged, and executed by Los Zetas; for trying to make it across the border. The American people don’t want the Mexican’s killed, simply accounted for. When talking about Los Zeta’s and their narcoterrorist ways, it seems impossible not to think of them as terrorist in the same class as al Qaeda. They may not share the same fanatical ideology as al Qaeda but their terrorist tactics used against the Mexican and American people is on the same level. With the vast growth of their cells spreading globally and forming alliances with known organizations handling nuclear waste, the threat they pose to all those against them is even scarier than those threats by al Qaeda supporters living in the United States. Mexico has been using underground tunnels and smuggling drugs, humans, and weapons across both sides of the borders for decades. There have been reports that al Qaeda has helped train Los Zetas recruits with similar tactics. These Mexican military deserters have trained in the same American military installation, Fort Bragg, as known al Qaedan terrorist members have. The connection is too great and should not be ignored. Los Zeta’s is in a country that has a poor economy but extremely rich in the illegal drug trade. The promise of pay, respect, and fear is what appeals to those who join their ranks. This can be said for any organization. The Mexican government will not be able to use only their military forces to combat against these cartels. Los Zetas has proven they have no loyalty to any one organization but to themselves and their greed for territory and wealth has been fueling their fire. President Calderon should not wait for a full out battle to develop between the cartels and the cartels against the Mexican military. Zetas is growing rapidly and stronger with support and alliances from other countries. Instead President Calderon should call upon Mexico’s allies for help battling them and cleaning up their streets. These cartels have gained their intelligence from working on the inside and gaining as much intelligence, expertise, and experience as possible. Their knowledge, tactics, and alliances will keep them thriving and defining who they are. It is up to the Mexican government to develop solutions to their economic crisis, drug laws, and protection of the people. Their military can only combat so long for so little pay and then they will turn to the darker side. If they paid their people enough salary there would be fewer traitors. It’s like a mother developing rules for her children and expecting them to follow without having to actually enforce them. Countries have been known to break down barriers such as Germany. Countries have also sat by and watched a power hungry Jew hating man murder thousands of innocent people before calling in the big guns. Countries should not sit idly by and watch thousands of people get slaughtered because some men in uniform are greedy for territorial rights and making money by distributing, marketing, laundering drugs, humans, and weapons. There are American military installations located across Border States and if that is what it takes, so be it. References Arturo Guzman Decena. (2010, November 27). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 20:30, January 2, 2010. From http://en. wikipedia. org/w/index. php? title=Arturo_Guzm%C3%A1n_Decenaoldid=399212394 Benjamin, D. (2010, August 5). Briefing on the release of country reports on terrorism for 2009. U. S. Department of State: Diplomacy in action Retrieved January 2, 2010 from http://www. state. gov/s/ct/rls/rm/2010/145734. htm Borderland Beat Reporter Overmex (2010, August 26). Zetas Massacre 72 Illegal Immigrants in San Fernando, Tamaulipas. Borderland Beat: reporting on the Mexican Cartel drug war. Retrieved December 2, 2010 from http://www. orderlandbeat. com/2010/08/zetas-massacre-72-illegal-immigrants-in .html Hansen, S. (2008, November 20). Mexico’s Drug War. Council on Foreign Relations. Retrieved 2010, December 30 2010 from http://www. cfr. org/publications/13689/mexicos_drug_war. htm Head, T. (2011). History of the War on Drugs. About. com Civil Liberties. Retrieved 2011, December 2, 2010 from http://civilliberty. about. com/od/drugpolicy/tp/Wa r-on-Drugs-History. Hernandez, D. (2010, February 25). The International Narcotics Control Board criticizes several Latin American countries. La Plaza: News from Latin American and the Caribbean. Retrieved December 22, 2010 from http://latimesblogs. latimes. com/laplaza/2010/02/united-nations-latin-america-international-narcotics-control-board-incb-mexico-brazil-argentina. html Kaibilies. (2010, November 10). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 2, 2010 from http://en. wikipedia. org/w/index. php? title=Kaibilesoldid=395893797 Los Zetas. (2010, November 22). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved November 27, 2010 from http://en. wikipedia. rg/wiki/Los_Zetas NarcoGuerra Times (2009, September 19). Zetas/La Compania, Ndrangheta and the Nuclear Options. NarcoGuerra Times. Retrieved from http://narcoguerratimes. wordpress. com/2009/09/19/zetasla-compania-ndhrangeta-and-the-nuclear-options/ Narcoterrorism. (2010, December 6). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 2, 2010 from http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Narcoterrorism Timeline of the Mexican Drug War. (2010, December 18). In Wikipe dia, The Free Encyclopedia Retrieved January 2, 2010 from http://en. wikipedia. org/w/index. php? ttle=Timeline_of_the_Mexican_. How to cite Los Zetas, Papers

Sutradhar in Ghasiram Kotwal Essay Example

Sutradhar in Ghasiram Kotwal Essay he Sutradhar in the play Ghasiram Kotwal has been used as much more than a conventional observer and reporter of facts. Vijay Tendulkar has used the Sutradhar as a theatrical device. Sometimes,the omniscient Sutradhar simply communicates facts to the audience. At other times, he blends into the play as he takes on various transient characters. He makes significant comments at all crucial occurances in the play and also plays an important role as he subtly suggests the incidents that are to follow, with his meaningful remarks ,songs and enchantments. Vijay Tendulkar has given the Sutradhar the liberty to become a part of the story and detach himself wherever he wishes. In the beginning of Act One,the Sutradhar exhibits quick-wit when he notices a Brahman sneaking off the stage slyly. He suddenly stops him and engages him into a tricky conversation which leads to the Brahman admitting that hes going to Bavannakhani to watch girls dancing and singing. When the Brahman says that he is going to the graveyard, Sutradhar says he wants to come along as he needs wood for his stove. When the Brahman tries to evade the Sutradhar by saying there are genies in the graveyard,he cleverly retorts by saying he needs four genies to fill a bottle. This conversation adds comic relief to the tragedy. Another conversation with a Brahman further establishes the Sutradhar as a meddlesome , inquisitive, cunning yet good humoured character. Even though he is aware of the whereabouts of the Brahmans,he deliberately keeps attacking them with questions so they spill out the truth themselves. We will write a custom essay sample on Sutradhar in Ghasiram Kotwal specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Sutradhar in Ghasiram Kotwal specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Sutradhar in Ghasiram Kotwal specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The Sutradhars questions also establish that the Brahmans are supposed to follow a certain code of conduct , which they regularly violate. Also, these questions answers underline the fact that that Brahmans use as excuses, their religious obligations-such as going to the temple,or the cemetery or attending Kirtan to mask their own nefarious activities . Certain dialogues of Sutradhar,for instance Night comes, Night comes. The gun of eleven booms are inauspicious and sinister. These are essential in preparing the atmosphere for the unpleasant nocturnal practices that may begin with later in the ight. The Sutradhar appears as a prison-mate of Ghashiram when he is falsely accused of thievery, beaten up ruthlessly and thrown into prison. He comes across as a worldly fellow. He says The thief is a simple thief. The police are official thieves . With his soliloquy, he exposes the unscrupulous,unfair authorities. Later,the Sutradhar puts on a Haridasa shawl,indicating that he has taken o n the role of a Kirtankar,a special kind of religious story teller. He sings an Abhanga(a short, religious Maharashtrian verse). He skillfully changes this to a Lavani(a love song). This sudden change is repeated by the Sutradhar to signify chaos. Ultimately, the Lavani remains, to highlight the storm of lust building up in Nanas mind on seeing Gauri for the first time. In the beginning of Act Two the Sutradhar seems to be making people aware of the atrocities afflicted by Ghashiram, the Kotwal . He repeatedly says Gauri dances,Nana dances,Ghashirams got his chances. No whoring without a permit.. No cremation without a permit These expose the hypocrisy of the newly discovered facet of Ghashiram. The Sutradhar then changes over to portray a village man whose wife is about to give birth to their child. The hapless man is in search of a midwife in the middle of the night. This is when Ghashiram catches him-he hits him, slaps him,kicks him for being out of his house at a late hour without a permit. Ghashiram doesnt even listen to the poor mans reasons for the same. Sutradhar then makes a tall , valuable statement : If you lay a hand on Ghashiram, Nana will smash you. If you dont then Ghashiram will get you anyway This shows the travesty of power, it shows how the lust for power leads to total abuse of it. Its a paradox for the common people of Poona as they have no other authority to reach out to. After that, when a Brahman is made to go through an ordeal , the Sutradhar seems to be witnessing it and explaining to the audience the events as , when and how they take place. Later in Act Two , he stops a Brahman from going off stage in a hurry. This time it is the truth about Nanas seventh mariage that the Sutradhar feigns to enquire about . The urgency of the scene makes is a thoroughly enjoyable and entertaining conversation. The sutradhar then assumes the role of a singer and sings to the rhythm of a hand drum . This Wedding Song for Nana is saddled with irony and mockery at the old Nana for marrying a young girl , who he has bought: The Peshwas Chief Minister. Still young enough to marry ! His moustaches turned gray. But not all his tteth are gone- However, immediately after this, the Sutradhar suddenly assumes his next important role-That of a Pandit who chants wedding shlokas for Nana and his bride-to-be and binds the two into matrimony as everyone watches on. After Ghashiram has realised that his daughter is no more alive , the Sutradhar says : Gauri went. Nana stays This symbolises the death of the innocent and naive while the powerful always manage to self-perpetuate. Sutradhar also adopts the role of a key informer who joins the missing links together so as to keep the interset of the audience intact throughout Act Two. Later , in Act Two itself he takes on the role of an assistant to Nana-informs him about the anguished Brahmans approaching his mansion and demanding Ghashirams death for the cruelty towards the imprisoned Brahmans. Finally , in one of his most essential dialogues , the Sutradhar says: And in the end came The End. This sentence reverberates with the various layers of meanings- with the fairly literal end of the Story of Ghashiram Kotwal, came the end of Ghashiram himself . That aside, came the end of anarchy in Poona. We see that the Sutradhar is central to the play. He has been used as an effective,innovative dramatic technique by Vijay Tendulkar to create Total Theater. One of the most challenging tasks at the hands of the Su tradhar is to bind the entire story together- with its scattered scenes, themes and a wide range of characters . The Sutradhar of Ghashiram Kotwal has beautifully threaded the entire sequence of events , much to the enjoyment of the audience and at the same time , has done justice to the narrative as well. The Sutradhar also remains important in keeping the Tamasha style of the play intact- he leads the various songs and dance sequences. He actively changes his comments and style of talking to suggest impending doom or expected humour. Hence, the Role of Sutradhar in the play Ghashiram Kotwal is pivotal, his presence is one that deserves recognition and the amalgamation of all his characters is prodigious.

Low Interest USDA Farming Microloans for US Veterans

Low Interest USDA Farming Microloans for US Veterans Thanks to of all places, the latest Farm Bill, U.S. veterans will find it easier to get low-interest Microloans​ to help them start and maintain small farms and ranches. With the United States running out of farmers, and a growing number of new veterans needing jobs, the farming Microloan program for veterans, administered by the Farm Service Agency (FSA) of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, helps serve both needs. Advantages of the Microloans First of all, the 2014 Farm Bill specifically exempts the USDA Veteran Farmer Microloans from the more restrictive repayment terms required by other USDA Direct Operating Loans. In addition, the program offers more flexible access to credit and serves as an especially attractive loan alternative for smaller farming operations like specialty crop producers. Eligible Microloan applicants can borrow up to $35,000, with repayment terms that will not exceed 7 years. Additional loans are available to cover annual operating expenses and are repaid within 12 months or when the agricultural commodities produced are sold. Under the Farm Bill, interest rates for veterans’ Microloans are limited to 5% or the current interest rate for traditional USDA Direct Operating Loans, whichever is less. As of February 2015, the interest rate for a USDA Direct Operating Loan was 2.625%. The USDA has also seen to it that the Microloans for veterans will also have a simplified application process and less stringent requirements regarding farm management experience. No Farming Experience? According to the USDA, the Microloan program administrators realize that many veterans who apply for loans will not have the required â€Å"traditional farm experience† or have not been raised on a farm or ever even lived in a farming community. Also See: New Website Helps US Veterans Find Careers in Agriculture To accommodate them, the FSA says it will consider a veteran’s experience in small business or in any self-guided apprenticeship program as a way to meet the farm management requirement. â€Å"This will assist applicants who have limited farm skills by providing them with an opportunity to gain farm management experience while working with a mentor during the first production and marketing cycle,† states the FSA. What the Microloans Can Be Used For Eligible veterans can use Microloans for: Initial start-up expenses;Annual expenses such as seed, fertilizer, utilities, land rents;Marketing and distribution expenses;Family living expenses;Purchase of livestock, equipment, and other essential materials;Minor farm improvements such as wells and coolers;Hoop houses to extend the growing season;Essential tools;Irrigation; andDelivery vehicles. Eligibility: What is a ‘Veteran Farmer?’ Under the 2014 Farm Bill, â€Å"Veteran Farmers† are finally recognized as a separate and unique class of farmer for purposes of USDA loan eligibility. Except for the requirement of military service, the definition of Veteran Farmer is the same as the long-standing USDA definition of beginning farmers and ranchers. According to the USDA, â€Å"beginning farmers and ranchers,† are defined as persons who have never operated a farm or ranch, or who have operated a farm or ranch for not more than 10 consecutive years. So, Microloans for veterans are available to persons who have served in the Armed Services – and – have never operated a farm or ranch, or have operated a farm or ranch for not more than 10 years. How to Apply for a Microloan Eligible veterans can either download the USDA Microloan application from the USDA website or pick one up at their local Farm Service Administration field office. Applicants who have problems gathering information or completing the application forms should contact their local Farm Service Administration office for help. After completing the required paperwork, applicants should submit the farm loan application to their local Farm Service Administration office.

About Anne Griswold Tyng, an Overlooked Influence

About Anne Griswold Tyng, an Overlooked Influence Anne Tyng devoted her life to geometry and architecture. Widely considered a great influence on the early designs of architect Louis I.Kahn, Anne Griswold Tyng was, in her own right, an architectural visionary, theorist, and teacher. Background: Born: July 14, 1920 in Lushan, Jiangxi province, China. The fourth of five children, Anne Griswold Tyng was the daughter of Ethel and Walworth Tyng, Episcopal missionaries from Boston, Massachusetts. Died: December 27, 2011, Greenbrae, Marin County, California (NY Times Obituary). Education and Training: 1937, St. Mary‘s School, Peekskill, New York.1942, Radcliffe College, Bachelor of Arts.1944, Harvard Graduate School of Design*, Master of Architecture. Studied Bauhaus with Walter Gropius and Marcel Breuer. Studied urban planning with Catherine Bauer.1944, New York City, briefly employed by industrial design firms.1945, moved to the Philadelphia home of her parents. Became the only female employee of Stonorov and Kahn. Worked on city planning and residential projects. Remained with Louis I. Kahn when the Stonorov and Kahn partnership broke up in 1947.1949, licensed to practice architecture. Joined the American Institute of Architects (AIA Philadelphia). Met Buckminster Fuller.1950s, associate consulting architect in Kahn‘s office. Continued to work on city of Philadelphia planning with Louis I. Kahn (Civic Center), while independently experimenting with habitable geometric designs (City Tower).1975, University of Pennsylvania, PhD in Architecture, with a focus on symmetr y and probability. * Anne Tyng was a member of the first class to admit women at the Harvard Graduate School of Design. Classmates included Lawrence Halprin, Philip Johnson, Eileen Pei, I.M. Pei, and William Wurster. Anne Tyng and Louis I. Kahn: When 25-year-old Anne Tyng went to work for Philadelphia architect Louis I. Kahn in 1945, Kahn was a married man 19 years her senior. In 1954, Tyng gave birth to Alexandra Tyng, Kahns daughter. Louis Kahn to Anne Tyng: The Rome Letters, 1953-1954 reproduces Kahns weekly letters to Tyng during this time. In 1955, Anne Tyng returned to Philadelphia with her daughter, purchased a house on Waverly Street, and resumed her research, design, and independent contract work with Kahn. Anne Tyngs influences on Louis I. Kahn architecture are most evident in these buildings: 1951–1953, tetrahedronical ceiling and openly geometric staircase in the Yale University Art Gallery, New Haven, Connecticut1955, cubes and pyramidal shapes making up the Trenton Bath House, Trenton, New Jersey1974, grid of symmetrical square design of the Yale Center for British Art, New Haven, Connecticut I believe our creative work together deepened our relationship and the relationship enlarged our creativity, Anne Tyng says of her relationship with Louis Kahn. In our years of working together toward a goal outside ourselves, believing profoundly in each other‘s abilities helped us to believe in ourselves. ( Louis Kahn to Anne Tyng: The Rome Letters, 1953-1954) Important Work of Anne G. Tyng: For nearly thirty years, from 1968 to 1995, Anne G. Tyng was a lecturer and researcher at her alma mater, the University of Pennsylvania. Tyng was widely published and taught Morphology, her own field of study based on designing with geometry and mathematics- her lifes work: 1947, developed the Tyng Toy, a set of interlocking, plywood shapes that children could assemble and re-assemble. A Tyng Toy kit could be put together to build simple but usable objects, which could then be taken apart and re-assembled to make other objects. Childrens furniture and toys included a desk, easel, stool, and wheeled toys. The Tyng Toy, featured in the August 1950 Popular Mechanics magazine (page 107), was exhibited in 1948 at the Walker Art Center in Minneapolis, Minnesota.1953, designed City Tower, a 216-foot high, geometrically intricate building for Philadelphia. In 1956, Louis Kahn envisioned tripling the height of the City Tower Project. Although never built, a model was exhibited in 1960 at the Museum of Modern Arts exhibit Visionary Architecture in New York City, with Kahn giving little credit to Tyng.1965, Anatomy of Form: The Divine Proportion in the Platonic Solids, research project funded by a grant from the Graham Foundation, Chicago, Illinois.1971, Urban Hie rarchy exhibited at AIA in Philadelphia. In a Domus Magazine interview, Tyng described the design of square houses along spiral roadways as a cyclical sequence with recurring symmetries of squares, circles, helixes and spirals. 1971–1974, designed the Four-Poster House, in which the structure of a modernist Maine vacation home is geometrically integrated with a piece of furniture, the four-poster bed.2011, Inhabiting Geometry, a walk-through exhibit of her lifes work of shapes and forms at the Institute of Contemporary Art, University of Pennsylvania and the Graham Foundation, Chicago. Tynge on City Tower The tower involved turning every level in order to connect it with the one below, making a continuous, integral structure. Its not about simply piling one piece on top of another. The vertical supports are part of the horizontal supports, so it is almost a kind of hollowed-out structure. Of course, you need to have as much usable space as possible, so the triangular supports are very widely spaced, and all the triangular elements are composed to form tetrahedrons. It was all three-dimensional. In plan, you get an efficient use of space. The buildings appear to turn because they follow their own structural geometric flow, making them look like they are almost alive....They almost look like they are dancing or twisting, even though theyre very stable and not really doing anything. Basically the triangles form small-scale three-dimensional tetrahedrons that are brought together to make bigger ones, which in turn are united to form even bigger ones. So the project can be seen as a contin uous structure with a hierarchical expression of geometry. Rather than being just one great mass, it gives you some sense of columns and floors.- 2011, DomusWeb Quotes by Anne Tyng: Many women have been scared away from the profession because of the strong emphasis on mathematics....All you really need to know are basic geometric principles, like the cube and the Pythagorean theorem.- 1974, The Philadelphia Evening Bulletin [For me, architecture] has become a passionate search for essences of form and space- number, shape, proportion, scale- a search for ways to define space by thresholds of structure, natural laws, human identity and meaning.- 1984, Radcliffe Quarterly The greatest hurdle for a woman in architecture today is the psychological development necessary to free her creative potential. To own ones own ideas without guilt, apology, or misplaced modesty involves understanding the creative process and the so-called masculine and feminine principles as they function in creativity and male-female relationships.- 1989, Architecture: A Place for Women Numbers become more interesting when you think of them in terms of forms and proportions. I am really excited about my discovery of a two volume cube, which has a face with divine proportions, while the edges are the square root in divine proportion and its volume is 2.05. As 0.05 is a very small value you cant really worry about it, because you need tolerances in architecture anyway. The two volume cube is far more interesting than the one by one by one cube because it connects you to numbers; it connects you to probability and all kinds of things that the other cube doesnt do at all. It is an entirely different story if you can connect to the Fibonacci sequence and the divine proportion sequence with a new cube.- 2011, DomusWeb Collections: The Architectural Archives of the University of Pennsylvania holds Anne Tyngs collected papers. See the  Anne Grisold Tyng Collection. The Archives are internationally known for the Louis I. Kahn Collection. Sources: Schaffner, Whitaker. Anne Tyng, A Life Chronology. Graham Foundation, 2011 (PDF); Weiss, Srdjan J. The life geometric: An Interview. DomusWeb 947, May 18, 2011 at www.domusweb.it/en/interview/the-life-geometric/; Whitaker, W. Anne Griswold Tyng: 1920–2011, DomusWeb, January 12, 2012 [accessed February 2012]

United States Assistive Technology Act of 1998 Essay

United States Assistive Technology Act of 1998 - Essay Example The third issue concerns the protection, coordination and promotion of the established program within the stated jurisdiction. In addition, since funding may be susceptible to abuse, the act establishes the checks and balances of ensuring proper management and use of availed funds. The 1998 act is majorly concerned with the provision of technical support for the persons with disability in the country so that they are able to perform their tasks and efficiently dispose off their daily activities. This is based on the fact that with new technology the disabled should not be left behind, but accorded the best alternatives of handling tasks through the facilitation of information dissemination and training programs for other personnel related to the program. The act also calls for coordination between the federal government and states agencies for the implementation of this program. Since the area of educational facilities and learning materials was the most affected, the act was mainly facilitated by the federal department of education (Watson, 2007). Persons with disabilities in the country have long been faced with challenges for the access of physical infrastructure like buildings besides not being able to access certain services like proper education. With the advancement in technology, it has been a challenge for the physically disabled to cope with innovation. The act is, therefore, established to take advantage of modern technology to enhance and support activities of th e disabled and reverse the trend where new technology poses a challenge to most disabled individuals. The policy maker was concerned because technological change is also a major driver for economic development of the country. For instance, it is notable that in the education sector alone, about over 10% of the enrolled undergraduates as of the year 2004 were disabled (National Center for Educational Statistics, 2005). The political motives and implications behind this program were varied. As a key component, the act serves the purposes of ensuring that the right of equitable access to facilities and services by the disabled members of the population is guaranteed. The policy implications is that the program required that the institutions of learning and other sector administrators develop appropriate frameworks for the facilitation of the assisted programs for the benefit of persons with disabilities. Engineering designs for the various information and technology tools are also to b e designed taking into account the usability of these individuals. The act also requires equal representation of all the stakeholders related to the issues of the assistive technology as composed in the advisory council of the act. The process of establishing this act can be traced back to the year 1987 when there was push for the establishment of policy in the aid of assisting the persons with disability to competently cope with the new technology. The following year, therefore, congress enacted an act to be able to ensure this objective. However, in the recognition that the first act was majorly based on the provision of disability friendly structures and building plans and provision of basic aid materials and implements such as wheel chairs, there was need for review especially to capture the area of technological assistance. It is in the light of

Presentation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 13

Presentation - Essay Example It is very complex and is currently only practiced in one developed country – Switzerland. Representative democracy. It allows the electorate to exercise their mandate to elect representatives to spearhead the will of the public. It comes as either parliamentary or presidential. Despite being very common all over the world, it is mostly partially practiced in the Developing World. Most countries under full dictatorship have the least development. The include Cuba, North Korea, Guinea, Belarus, Burma and Syria (Bailey 2013). Partial democracies are intertwined within dictatorships, making them unobvious. They are mainly practiced in Egypt, Pakistan, Philippines, and Thailand. Most of these countries have better economies than the ones listed under full dictatorship. Studies indicate that democracy has a direct relationship with development. However, such dictatorships as Saudi Arabia present the rare cases of countries blossoming with prosperity despite being governed dictatorially. Many developing countries have failed in promoting equality of their people, leading to low realization of democracy and development in these countries. Based on the discussed characteristics of democracy, including devolution of power and resources and political and civil freedom, it is apparent that full democratization offers the most obvious route to prosperity among nations in the Developing

Managing the Managers Essay -- Business Management

Managing the Managers MANAGING THE MANAGERS: JAPANESE MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES IN THE USA The article reviews one of the greatest difficulties that Japanese multinational companies face, that is integration of its subplants in other countries, where not just management is viewed as different, but also the general running of the "mother" company's, not to mention the cultural changes which may be faced when atempting to integrate into another country. The article reviewed attempts to do two things. Firstly, the authors explore the management self so as to give reasoning into the two different managing styles of the United States of America and that of infamous Japanese management. Secondly, the authors report their research on management self-conception and style in Japanese owned factories or 'transplants' in the United States. The article is a summary of a large Japanese multinational company's intergration into the United States. This multinational opened 3 transplants in the same region of the United States. One of the transplants (Honshu manufacturing, which incidently seems to hold strategic significance as concluded by the massive capital investment of $300M) has a Japanese General Manager. The second, Honshu assembly holds and American born and raised General Manager. The third transplant is of an intereting nature as this is a Hybrid of Japanese and American management. The article begins with the facts involved when a firm of a more than a modest size is doing business in a foreign environment. It outlines the difficulties and failures that could be encountered when integration is involved. The article continues to inform us on how the article will be presented and the goals of the study at hand. The article is divided into 8 separate but relevant sections, these are: Introduction which talks about the methods used in the study and gives a brief rundown of the subject of Japanese and American management. Management in the Japanese transplants which talks a lot about previous surveys already concluded of which the nature is the same as the subject at hand. This subsection of the article also provides us with a history of the subject, as far back as 1976 . This section gives case example of previous studies made within the field of Japanese management and integration by Japanese multinationals. Mediating the selves... ...y Seniorities Promotion by competence Utilisation of employees Not fully Fully Utilised Blue-collar / White collar Single Class Double Class External relation Long term Short term Group relationship Keiretsu Ownership Basis of relationship Give and take Market mechanism Decision making Collective Individual Responsibility Collective Individual Ambition of employees Promotion within company Promotion in other company Dreams/ Goals Happily working together Efficiently working together Analogy (system) Organical Mechanical The Japanese management style is deductive and believes in insight and intuition. They believe in the power of logic and reasoning, they believe that which cant be seen or measured can exist, they do not break a whole down first into parts to analyze. Compare that with the Inductive American contructive reality belief that we believe in observing and measuring, the belief that that which cant be measured or seen does not exist, alongside the Joe Friday approach: Just the facts ma'am!

Confidence Interval and Reflective Writing Tips

Reflective Writing Tips Reflective writing is where you revisit experiences and write down your thoughts about them, asking questions such as: †¢Ã¢â‚¬ What did I notice? † †¢Ã¢â‚¬ Why did it happen this way? † †¢ â€Å"How was I changed by this? † †¢ â€Å"What might I have done differently? † †¢Ã¢â‚¬ How could I have handled the situation differently in hindsight? † †¢Ã¢â‚¬  What have I learnt about myself? † †¢ † How do I interact in a team? † †¢ â€Å"How did I feel? † †¢Ã¢â‚¬ Why did I react the way I did? † †¢Ã¢â‚¬ How can I improve for next time? † You will need to do a lot of research, There is a reading list provided as a starting point. Do you follow any of the theories? Have you got experiences now that show the theories are true? You do not need to be analyzing other team members actions. This is not a forum to blame everyone else! You should be looking inwards at yourself for answers and looking at your own reactions to the situations and how you could improve and grow. This is not a report so you don't need to follow report format. You can lay it out however you want to. It should mainly be about what you have learnt in PASBD but you could add in some personal experience if you wish. You will need proper SHU Harvard referencing and a bibliography. Leaflet attached. Don't be too descriptive about the detail of what happened, it is more about your analysis of why the things happened that did. Finally I have two examples from people who have done this assignment previously, one bad and one very good. Bad Example – approx 40% â€Å"As a final year student, the reflection on team building or team working is difficult when you don't know the people you are working with. The first test is to communicate in various forms of communications which are needed to arrange times to meet and possibly exchange contact details at this stage so you know who, where and what a person looks like when it's time to meet. Personally when the first group was formed, the initial test was to email group members to arrange possible times to meet, however I was lucky enough to have two members within my group to which I have worked with before throughout my course, therefore there was a built relationship already which made work carried out easier. This meant I know the capability, thrive and enthusiasm of those individuals to carry out given task, although one of them can be a bit bossy, on the other hand it was more difficult to predict what the other members would be like, as for not knowing who they are and what kind of a person they are this bought my confidence levels down. When faced with a situation such as meeting people for the first time, it is always good to start off on the right foot. In my own personal experience the best thing to do was to meet the group and get to know the members and see what they are like. In terms of confidence, it was certain that they all had similar thoughts going through their minds to what an individual like myself or others would bring to the team. † When we started the first case which was Atkinsons the two stronger members led the way and the rest of us were quite happy to let them take control. We decided that we shouldn't move to Meadowhall which turned out to be the right choice. The national trust exercise didn't turn out as well as we didn’t think about who we were presenting to. I wasn't happy about the mark for this. † Good Example – approx 90% When considering what part I might play, I considered what team role I would suit from Belbins (1981) psychological profiles of how people â€Å"behave, contribute and interrelate with others†. Due to my confident and influential personality my perception would have originally been that of the alpha female. To initiate thoughts, make executive decisions and organise the group towa rds the end goal. Looking at the team roles outlined, I would have classed myself as a â€Å"co-ordinator†; â€Å"Mature, confident, a good chairperson; clarifies goals, promotes decision-making, delegates well. This summary reflects how I would try to control the group work to what I want to achieve. Being a naturally confident person I felt that I would be able to exert influence on people to achieve what I wanted by allowing my â€Å"behavior [to be] controlled by my internal personality (Bateman and Crate, 1993). As tasks began, I found it difficult to â€Å"let go† when tasks were divided and I tried to micro-manage. This lack of trust in other peoples work meant that I put additional pressure and workload on myself. In order to improve my actions (and stress levels) I have to better understand my ‘locus of control' (Rotter 1966); whether the event is within(internal) or beyond(external) my personal control. I have come to learn that winning is not everything and too great a focus on it can block learning. Problems came to head when my considered personal strength was mixed with another strong character, I felt like I had to fight to get my point across. I felt beaten by constant, critical comment as she would often counteract my ideas or discard them. However, we found that our debates achieved an effective balance and we produced a high quality presentation by using constructive criticism. I realise now that she was not aiming to target or discredit my ideas or work but she was just trying to achieve a better result by challenging my suggestions. I have learnt that in future I should value all criticisms as they can enhance my performance. † Finally It's all about the journey and not the destination. Focus on the process and learning with an internal emphasis. It's not about whether you got the tasks right or wrong but about what you learned about yourself and life whilst doing them.

Drunk Driving Research Paper - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 1035 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2019/04/03 Category Society Essay Type Research paper Level High school Tags: Drunk Driving Essay Did you like this example? Research Paper Every year in the United States 13,000 people are killed from an alcohol related accident. In a different perspective, that is about 35 people every day (Mothers Against Drunk Driving). To bring this statistic down, schools should educate students on the consequences of drunk driving because teenagers are more likely to get into a fatal car crash than any other age group. Teaching students about the legal ramifications will discourage drunk driving, teaching teens about the death rates, and showing them how to cope with peer pressure situations will all decrease alcohol related car crashes. While under the influence, teenagers are 17 times more likely to get into a fatal car crash, compared to driving sober (Burgess). Students need to know that alcohol affects their brain more than it affects adults. In fact, 16-20 year olds have the highest rate of alcohol related fatal car crashes (National Clearinghouse for Alcohol and Drug Accidents ). This is because teenagers can be impaired by half as much alcohol than an adult. This is caused by inexperience with alcohol, and even with a low blood alcohol content getting into a car tispy can be fatal. Teenagers do not realize that it only takes a couple drinks to become intoxicated. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Drunk Driving Research Paper" essay for you Create order Furthermore, during parties teens tend to binge drink and then instead of calling their parents to pick them up, they try to drive home or get a ride with someone who is also drunk (Lindsay). It is vital for teenagers to be taught the dangers of driving under the influence. Schools have classes to teach students how to drive, yet the classes do not spend enough time on the consequences of drunk driving. Another reason for teaching teenagers about drunk driving, is that if they are taught about the legal ramifications it might discourage them from getting behind the wheel while drunk. If teenagers, and adults for that matter, think they can get away with driving drunk they are mistaken. For example, in Minnesota alone 30,000 DUIs are handed out each year. That means one out of seven people in the state has received one (Pinto). A few reasons why it is hard to get away with drunk driving, are because of the checkpoints and patrols, harsh punishments, and strict laws to prevent drunk driving. Although ten states prohibit the checkpoints, research shows that these crack downs are improving the drunk driving conditions on the roads. According to Joseph Carter, the president of the IACP, More than two decades of research have demonstrated that sobriety checkpoints and other law enforcement efforts make a difference. They are vitally effective techniques to get impaired drivers off of our roads (Mothers Against Drunk Driving). These checkpoints are meant to discourage drivers about driving drunk because if they are caught the consequences are severe. The punishments for DUIs are strict, especially for teenage drivers. One of the laws to prevent teenage drunk driving is the zero tolerance law. This law states that drivers under 21 cannot have a blood alcohol content higher than .02%. Research shows that this law has decreased accidents by 50 percent in some states (National Clearinghouse for Alcohol and Drug Accidents). If a teenager is caught, the legal ramifications can include jail time for up to six months, loss of their licenses and fines up to 1,000 dollars. Keep in mind, these punishments are only for first time offenses (Furmento). Not to mention, a teenagers insurance can be tripled even quadrupled after a first time offense (Pinto). With these deterrents in mind, a teen would have to think twice about getting behind the wheel while intoxicated. Continuing on with the education of consequences dealing with drunk driving, there are not only DUIs one would have to worry about. On the flip side of the consequences, teenagers should be educated not only on the legal ramifications but also on the moral consequences. Sometimes teens believe that they are immortal and nothing will hurt them, but they need to realize that every year thousands of people are killed by drunk drivers. For instance, in Minnesota alone, 300 people are killed from just alcohol related accidents. Furthermore, for every one person that is killed twenty are injured (Pinto). In Illinois, 369 people were killed in 2014. In fact, the highest percentage of alcohol related accidents came from the 16-20 year olds (National Clearinghouse for Alcohol and Drug Accidents). Joseph Carter said that impaired driving is not just another traffic offense. It is a serious crime that often causes needless deaths and injuries (Mothers Against Drunk Driving). This quote is important because it shows that drunk driving deaths can be prevented. The reality is, teenagers need to realize every time they get behind the wheel, or in a car with a drunk driver, they are risking the lives of the passengers in the car, but also other vehicles and pedestrian around them. The final reason for teaching teenagers about drunk driving is not just teaching them about the things that could happen, but how to not get into the situation in the first place. This is because kids do not know how to say no when all their friends are pressuring them to do something. In a study conducted by the NIDA, it was proven that teens are more likely to run through a yellow light if their friends were in the car with them (Bellum). If more teenagers learned at an earlier age not to be pressured by their friends, drunk driving would not be so prevalent. Some believe that the schools already teach the consequences of drunk driving in the mandatory driving course; however, the class is only a semester long and it needs to get through other things, such as how to drive a car in all conditions, all the road laws, and the mechanics of the car. As one could conclude, that leaves maybe a day or two to go over the effects of drunk driving. Certainly, not enough time to learn all of the laws, ramifications of drinking and driving with peer pressure, and how one decision, at the time seemed harmless, could lead to countless avoidable deaths. With this in mind, schools need to focus on drunk driving to continue reducing the number of drunk driving deaths.